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Project Gemini

Project Gemini was NASA’s bridge between Mercury and Apollo, using twelve missions to master long-duration flight, , docking, spacewalking, and precision return before the first lunar missions.

Missions: 12
People: 16
Vehicles: 18

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OverviewStory and scope Missions12 records Crew16 people Vehicles18 vehicles TimelineProgram chronology PhotosMission imagery

Gemini vehicles

The spacecraft, launch system, docking targets, and individual capsules that made Gemini possible.

Showing vehicles 1–12 of 15SortPer Page

Gemini 5 capsule being brought aboard the USS Lake Champlain after recovery

Gemini spacecraftAugust 21, 1965

Gemini V

Gemini 5 carried Gordon Cooper and Pete Conrad for nearly eight days, almost doubling the United States human-spaceflight endurance record and matching the expected duration of a lunar expedition.

Gemini 7 capsule descending by parachute at the end of its mission

Gemini spacecraftDecember 4, 1965

Gemini VII

Gemini 7 carried Frank Borman and Jim Lovell for nearly fourteen days, proving that a crew and spacecraft could remain effective for the length of an Apollo lunar expedition.

Generic Gemini spacecraft illustration

Gemini spacecraftApril 8, 1964

Gemini I

Gemini 1 was the first uncrewed flight of Project Gemini.

Gemini 2 capsule being hoisted aboard the USS Lake Champlain after recovery

Gemini spacecraftJanuary 19, 1965

Gemini II

Gemini 2 was the program's second uncrewed qualification flight and the first Gemini spacecraft to return through the atmosphere.

Gemini 3 capsule, Molly Brown, recovered after splashdown

Gemini spacecraftMarch 23, 1965

Gemini III · Molly Brown

Gemini 3 carried Gus Grissom and John Young on the first crewed flight of NASA's new two-person spacecraft.

Gemini 4 capsule being hoisted aboard the USS Wasp after recovery

Gemini spacecraftJune 3, 1965

Gemini IV

Gemini 4 carried James McDivitt and Ed White for four days, more than doubling the duration of any previous American crewed mission.

Gemini 9A capsule being hoisted aboard the USS Wasp after recovery

Gemini spacecraftJune 3, 1966

Gemini IX-A

Gemini 9A carried Tom Stafford and Gene Cernan after the original crew, Elliot See and Charles Bassett, died in a training accident.

Gemini 6A capsule after Atlantic splashdown

Gemini spacecraftDecember 15, 1965

Gemini VI-A

Gemini 6A carried Wally Schirra and Tom Stafford on the first successful rendezvous between two independently maneuvering crewed spacecraft.

Gemini 8 capsule being hoisted aboard the USS Leonard F. Mason after recovery

Gemini spacecraftMarch 16, 1966

Gemini VIII

Gemini 8 carried Neil Armstrong and David Scott to the first docking of two spacecraft in orbit.

Gemini 10 capsule prepared for hoisting aboard the USS Guadalcanal after recovery

Gemini spacecraftJuly 18, 1966

Gemini X

Gemini 10 carried John Young and Michael Collins on the first mission to rendezvous with two separate uncrewed spacecraft.

Gemini 11 capsule splashing down near the USS Guam

Gemini spacecraftSeptember 12, 1966

Gemini XI

Gemini 11 carried Pete Conrad and Richard Gordon on the most operationally ambitious flight of the program.

Gemini 12 capsule splashing down near the USS Wasp

Gemini spacecraftNovember 11, 1966

Gemini XII

Gemini 12 carried Jim Lovell and Buzz Aldrin on the final flight of Project Gemini.