AstronautAtlas
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Program archive
Earth Science
Earth Science is explored here through 55 archived missions, from Sputnik 1 through Sentinel-6B, with the program’s spacecraft, people, milestones, and source-backed history connected along the way.
- Missions
- 55
- People
- 0
- Vehicles
- 56
Explore this program
Choose a path through the Earth Science archive.
Earth Science timeline
55 flights. One complete program record.
Follow every archived flight from the earliest development test through the program’s latest flown mission, with its defining milestones and mission hardware connected along the way.
Every Earth Science program record
All 55 flown and non-flight archive records arranged chronologically.
Launch corridor
55 flights and tests compressed into 4 expandable arcs.
- Arc 01Ignition1957–1978 · 18 records
- Arc 02Climbing1980–2002 · 18 records
- Arc 03On orbit2004–2024 · 18 records
- Arc 04Final approach2025 · 1 records
Flight arc 01IgnitionSputnik 1 → Nimbus 71957–1978 · 18 records1957–1978
18 records
October 4, 1957Sputnik 1001
March 17, 1958Vanguard 1002
August 28, 1964Nimbus 1003
May 15, 1966Nimbus 2004
April 14, 1969Nimbus 3005
April 8, 1970Nimbus 4006
July 23, 1972Landsat 1007
December 11, 1972Nimbus 5008
May 17, 1974SMS-1009
January 22, 1975Landsat 2010
February 6, 1975SMS-2011
June 12, 1975Nimbus 6012
October 16, 1975GOES-1013
June 16, 1977GOES-2014
March 5, 1978Landsat 3015
June 16, 1978GOES-3016
June 27, 1978Seasat 1017
October 24, 1978Nimbus 7018
Flight arc 02ClimbingGOES-4 → Aqua1980–2002 · 18 records1980–2002
18 records
September 9, 1980GOES-4019
May 22, 1981GOES-5020
July 16, 1982Landsat 4021
April 28, 1983GOES-6022
March 1, 1984Landsat 5023
May 3, 1986GOES-G024
February 26, 1987GOES-7025
August 10, 1992TOPEX/Poseidon026
October 5, 1993Landsat 6027
April 13, 1994GOES-8028
May 23, 1995GOES-9029
April 25, 1997GOES-10030
April 15, 1999Landsat 7031
December 18, 1999Terra032
May 3, 2000GOES-11033
July 23, 2001GOES-12034
December 7, 2001Jason-1035
May 4, 2002Aqua036
Flight arc 03On orbitAura → GOES-192004–2024 · 18 records2004–2024
18 records
July 15, 2004Aura037
April 28, 2006CALIPSO038
April 28, 2006CloudSat039
May 24, 2006GOES-13040
June 20, 2008Jason-2041
June 27, 2009GOES-14042
March 4, 2010GOES-15043
February 11, 2013Landsat 8044
July 2, 2014Orbiting Carbon Observatory-2045
January 17, 2016Jason-3046
November 19, 2016GOES-16047
March 1, 2018GOES-17048
November 21, 2020Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich049
September 27, 2021Landsat 9050
March 1, 2022GOES-18051
April 7, 2023 EDTTEMPO052
May 29, 2024 CESTEarthCARE053
June 25, 2024GOES-19054
